Brainwaves are electrical activity coming from the brain, and they fall into 4 different types:

Beta – Brain is actively engaged in mental activities, and indicate an engaged mind, such as a person speaking

Alpha – Brain is not actively engaged, such as when a person is meditating or walking around along the beach or garden

Theta – Brain is daydreaming, zoning out, or just simply doing something routine and automatic that doesn’t require much active thinking, i.e. driving along a freeway, showering.

Delta – Happens when we fall asleep.

Research has shown that while one brainwave type may be predominant at any given time depending on the activities we're engaged in; the other 3 brain states are also present at the same time. In sleep, the brain also moves through the different types depending on whether we are in deep sleep, or progressively waking up.

Knowing how to make use of our brainwave states can improve our ability and make us more productive when performing the different activities in our daily lives.

Neuroscience research which studies how brain works has uncovered some ways that we can control our brain, such as meditators having better thought control than people that do not meditate.